Exhauster



G. W CHRISTOPH.

EXHAUSTER.

MPL'ICATION mEo JULY 9. 1918..

1,401,583, Patented Dec. 1921.

. I I 8?;1'8- T I.

INVENTOR.

1 Z 7 ATTORNEYS.

G. W. CHRISTOPH.

v EXHAUSTER. mwucmwn, FILED JULY 9,1918.

1,401,583, I Patented Dec. 27, 1921.

. -sm: 2.v

,4 2 m 2mg Y ATTORNEYS.

QW 715%?"M G. W. CHRISTOPH.

I EXH TER. APPLICATION IL JULY 9.1918.

1,401,583, Patented Deu.27, 1.'

ATTORNEYS.

@NETED STATES arent re ns.

EXHAUSTEB.

recites.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE W. CHRIS- TOPH, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Warehousepoint, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Exhausters, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in exhausters of the eneral type disclosed in my prior Patent i 0. 1,074,606 issued October 7 1913.

The exhauster of my prior patent is particularly adapted for transferring gases laden with particles of solid matter, such as emery, coal dust, sawdust, shavings and the like, and is characterized by an arrangement such that contact or the solids with the blades of the rotor is avoided, or at least reduced to a large extent. This advantageous result is obtained by a specially constructed casing wherein thepassage, through which the gases and solids pass, is so disposed that a portion of the passage from inlet to outlet lies out of the path of the rotor. The inlet portion of the passage is arranged to one side of the plane of the rotor and encircles the axisthereof helically so as to gradually extend into the'plane of the rotor.

The described passage'is also arranged so as to communicate laterally throughout substantially its entire length with that portion or" the casing which houses the rotor. To a certain extent such lateral communication allows the gases to-jump across into the path of the rotor and thus diminish the velocity of the gases which is relied upon to propel the solids through the passage' rinother ditiiculty which tends to diminish the etliciency of the exhauster is the opportunity afi'orded for the gases to not only jump across into the path of the rotor, but also to continuously travel with the rotor in a circular path. Since centrifugal action is relied upon to separate the solids from the gases during their passage in a circular path, the diminution in the velocity of the gas at such points in the exhauster where gravity opposes the action of centrifugal force on the solids, tends in certain cases to allow the solids to be carried by.

gravity out of their proper path. This invention is concerned among other things with improvements designed to overcome the disadvantages mentioned,

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented D86. 2'7, 1921.

Application filed July 9, 1918. Serial No. 244,021. v

' The broad object of the invention is to provide an improved exhauster, of the gen-,

eral type described, which is characterized by improved efficiency and a more effective separation of the solids from the gases, due to the provision of means preventing the gases from passing into the plane of the r rotor until a predetermined point in. their travel, and of means preventing the gases from being carried continuousiy around with the rotor in a circular path and thereby diminishing the velocity of the gas and thus the effectiveness of the separation of gas and solids and the efliciency of the exhauster.

This object may be attained by the following structural arrangement. The rotor lncloslng casing is provlded with a free arcuate passage between its inner peripheral wall and the rotor and with a substantially. In an tangential outlet for such passage. end Wall of the casing are separate inlets for gas and solids, which inlets lead respectively into and out of the path of the rotor. A main inlet duct, having an arcuate portion, with divided communication with both inlets 1s arran ed to receive 'as laden flector and such inlet to facilitate this action. The gas emerging from the duct, having been maintained up to this time at sufiicient velocity to perform its desired function,- passes directly'to the other inletand into the path oi the rotor to be subsequently expelled at high velocity from the outlet and to again act on the solid material andcarry it through t 1e outlet, while the material is held by centrifugal force in said passage and out of the path of the rotor. The said passage is'provided with a suitable deflector adjacent'the outlet to prevent the gasfrom traveling continuously around with the rotor. V

Another object or" the invention is to pro vide in an exhauster of the class described regulating means for the inlet opening,

vAccording t this object, the exhauster of relatively l and closel space-u. in

arranged so that it may operate efiiciently on varying classes of worlr by the adgustment which permits adaptation the exhauster,

to each particular class of work to which it may be put. 'lhus,in practice, the percentage 01"- solid material in the gases varies according to the nature of each particular case, and for example may be less when sawdust, shavings, and the like are handled than where emery and the like is the substance conveyed. By keeping the inlet opening restricted, so far as the nature of each particular case will admit, the einciency of the exhauster and the efiectiveness of the separation obtained, is improved.

A further object of the inv provide in an exhausts-r of scribed generally improved structure and a generally improved position or parts.

@ther objects and advantages will in the following de' cripion in toe pended claims.

T he invention, in an embodiment at present preferred, is disclosed llustrative purposes in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a front elevational view of an exhauster embodying the intention;

is a side elevational view the Fig. 3 is cross-i'sectional view ti. he l n 3-3 0t Fi z 1;

is sectional ele'vational viewtalren s ctional elevation rring a casing ii, I divided by central partitio into two substantially circular comnar nent 11 and 12. The two compartments C0511- e .il c cular openhy another ing 13 in the opening 1 51"30lt8il any suita) e n ulti-blade type clearly shown wherein there are provided rat 16. is to e noted that the rotor 15 is 0 such dimensions as to lcl w t space between it and the wall of compartment annular passage 1'? material may pass direct contact with vanes "D 4. int .n T meta-lai I disposed inlet duct l8 which is also directed substantially tangentially to the circular opening 13 at the lowest point-thereof. The upper wall of the inlet duct 18 is extended in a curved path concentric with the axis of rotor 15 to form a partition or battle plate 19 which, as best shown in Fig. 4, extends through an arc of substantially 180 degrees forming a closed arcuate passage 20 as a continuation of the inlet duct 18. Starting substantially at the same angular position where the partition 19' terminates, is a helical deflector 22 which extends substantially to and terminates adjacent the upper wall of inlet pipe 18. indicated in Figs. 3 and 43-, the deflector, starting from the outer wall of compartment 11 and adjacent the terminus of partition 19, gradually curves laterally toward and finally terminates in the plane of the central partition 10. The dehector 2:2, as shown, is considerably less in idth than the passage 20 since it is arranged, as will later appear in detail, to force merely the solids carried by the gas into the rotor compartment 12, the gas itself to a large extent passing through the large, tree and unobstructed central opening 13 into the direct path or" the rotor 15.

A best shown in Fig. 3, the deflector 22 is merely an arcuate plate suitably sus pended from the peripheral wall oi coinpartnient l1 and suitably bent laterally like a helix, toward the partition 10. An arcu ate plate 23- ext ends in concentrical relation with the peripheral wall of compartment 11 from point substantially midway of the deflector to its terminus at partition 10. This plate, inconjunction with the deflector 22, and the adjacent portions of partition 10 and the peripheral wall of the compart- 5, is substantially vertiat its base communicates (Figs. 6 and 7) The opening u by moving h s. 5 'nounted '11 contiguous elac with -pable of being swung to 1 various angular posienlarge the effective area of the inlet 25 by suitable means such for Referring to Figs. I- and 5, a baflie plate 2? is fitted about chute 24 and extends in downwardly inclined relation toward and nqentially to the circular opening 13 in partition 10. The plate 27 is provided as a means to insure that such solid matter, which i r reason such as improper adjustment or the plate 26 for example, fails to lodge in chute 24, will be passed by gravity through opening 13 into the rotor compartment 12 and be subsequently expelled.

Referring now to Fig. 7; the rotor compartment 12, has an outlet pipe 28 which is disposed vertically and substantially tangentially to the annular passage 17 for the solid material. Adjacent the outlet 28, a deflector 29- is provided to substantially close off the passage 17 and prevent to a large extent the gases from following around with the rotor. The deflector also serves to deflect such solid material as is not expelled tangentially from the rotor in a straight line through outlet 28, although for the most part the solids are so expelled. The air, however, not being as susceptible to the action of centrifugal force, might to a large xtent follow around with the rotor except for the deflector 29.

The operation of the exhauster will now be described. air laden with solids is drawn into the inlet 18 by the suction created by the revolving rotor 15, the air continues into the arcuate passage 20 and there thesolids are thrown by centrifugal force toward the outer peripheral portion of the passage. solids, as they emerge. from the curved chute-like passage 20, are so positioned as to be engaged by the helical deflector 22. Obviously, as the solids pass across the upper peripheral portion of compartment 11, they are acted upon by gravity in such a way that they tend tovleave the deflector 22 in a radial direction and, to prevent suchmisdirection of the solids under the force of gravity, the plate 19 is continued for a substantial distance around theperiphery of the opening 13 so that the velocity of the air is maintained undiminished until it can be assured that the solids will be carried in the chosen path along the deflector 22 and into the hopper-like chute 24. As soon as this result has been accomplished, it is desirable to provide a free and relatively large inlet for the passage of the air into the path of the rotor 15 and this is accomplished by the large circular inlet opening 13, of a diameter substantially equal to that of the rotor 15 at the base of the vanes 16. The solids, once lodging in chute 24:, travel toward the opening 25 and arehaided in such travel by gravity action. The solids enter compartment 12 through the regulable opening 25 and into the annular portion 17 and thus entirely out of the path of the rotor. Due to the reflector 29, the air, entering through opening 13 into compartment 12, is prevented to a large extent from traveling around with the rotor and is caused to travel at high speed out of the compartment 12 through the outlet. Thus, the solids delivered into the passage-17 are still acted upon by centrifugal force and thereby thrown toward the periphery of the casing duripg their upward Assuming for example that Thus theand outward travel in passage 17. The solids, being acted upon by centrifugal force, tend to'move in a straight line tangential to the passage 17 so that, as soonas permitted 1 by the peripheral wall of the passage, they pass in a straight line through the outlet 28.

An important feature in an exhauster of the special type described consists in the arrangement for regulating the opening '25 only and, while such object probably cannot be exactly obtained in practice, it can nevertheless be approached and the regulation of the opening 25 is the means for at least closely approachingithe desired theoretical conditions.

Thus, I have provided an improved exhauster for" transferring gases laden with solids without allowing the solids to-directly contact withthe rotor, or at least to any great extent. The improved exhauster is characterized by regulating means to adapt the exhauster to the varying conditions of the work to which it may be put withIthe object of securing maximum efficiency with each class of work. The ,exhauster is also characterized by improvements which permit separation of solids from gases laden therewith and permit such separation with increased effectiveness. I w

The invention has been disclosed in one embodiment for illustrative purposes; but the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description.

lVhat I claim is,- V

1. An exhauster, comprising, a casing provided with a rotor compartment, a rotorso located therein as to leave an arcuate passage between'the rotor and the peripheral wall of said compartment, anoutlet pro vided 1n the casing for said passage, said casing being provided with an inlet ductv whereby the heavier particles may be sep-' I arated from the lighter by centrifugal force and theformer delivered into the compartment out'of thepath of the rotor.

2. An exhauster comprising, a rotor, a casimg inclosing the rotor leaving a substantially annular space between it and the rotor and provided with an outlet, a closed duct curved throughout a portion of its extent and partially surrounding the axis of the rotor int one end of which gases laden with solids are drawn by the rotor the gases and solids being separated therein by centrifugal force, and separate inlet openings provided in the casing leading into and out of the path of the rotor and both coinmuni eating with the other end of said duct, whereby the separated constituents areseparately delivered.

3. In an exhauster, a rotor, a casing inolosing the rotor and having an arcuate passage between it and the rotor including a peripheral and substantially tangential outlet for the passage, a duct curved about the axis of the rotor and through which gases laden with solids may be drawn by therotor and in which the solids may be separated from the gases by centrifugal force, an inlet in the casing communicating with the inner peripheral portion of said duct to permit the gases therein to enter into the path of the rotor, and a second inlet in the casing communicating between the outer peripheral portion of the duct and said arcuate passage whereby the solids may be separately delivered into the casing and out of the path of the rotor.

41:. In an exhauster, a rotor, an inclosing casing therefor having an arcuate passage between the rotor and casing and a substantially tangential outlet from said passage, said casing having in an end face thereof an inlet opening into the path of the rotor and a second inlet opening into said passage and out of the path of the rotor, a

chopper associated with the second inlet and adapted to receive material to be passed therethrough, and a duct having an arcuate portion communicating with both the first inlet and said hopper and into which portion gas laden with solids may be drawn by the rotor, all constructed and arranged so that the solids may be separated from the gas and separately delivered into the hopper and to the casing through the second inlet.

5.7In an exhauster, a rotor, an inclosing casing thereforhaving an arcuate passage between the rotor and casing and a substantially tangential outlet from said passage, said casing having in an end face thereof an inlet opening into the .path of the rotor, and a second inlet opening into said passage and out of the path of the rotor, a hopper to receive material t be passed through the second inlet, means to vary the effective opening of the second inlet, and a duct having an arcuate portion communicating with both said inlets and into which portion gas laden with solids may be drawn by the rotor, all constructed and arranged so that the solids may be drawn by the rotor and in which the solids-may be separated from the gases by centrifugal force, an inlet in the casing communicating with the inner peripheral portion of said duct to permit the gases therein to enter into the path of the rotor, and a second inlet 1n the caslng communicating between the outer peripheral portion of the duct and said arcuate passage whereby the solids may be delivered into the casing and out of the path of the rotor, and regulating means to vary the efl'ec tive area of the second inlet,

7. In an exhauster, a rotor, an inclosing casing therefor having an'arcuate passage between the roto and casing and provided with a substantially tangential outlet from,

said passage, said casing being province in one end face thereof with an inlet opening into the path of said rotor and a second inlet openin into said passage and out of the path of the rotor, a hopper associated with the second inlet and adapted to receive material to be passed therethrough, said casing provided with a duct having an arcuate portion communicating with the firstnamed inlet and said hopper and into which portion gas laden with solids is adapted to be drawn by the rotor, said duct being arranged so that the solids are carried by centrifugal force to the outer periphery thereof, and means connecting the outer peripheral portion of the duct to the hopper whereby the solids are forced laterally into the mouth 7 of the hopper.

8 In an exhauster, a rotor, an inclosing casing therefor having an arcuate passage betw en its periphery and the rotor and provided with a substantiallytangential outlet for such passage an inlet in one end wall thereof, and an arcuate duct partially encircling the axis of the rotor, but out of the plane thereof, and terminating adjacent said inlet, said casing being provided with a second inlet formed in one end wall thereof and opening into the path of the rotor, and means connecting the duct at a point closely adjacent to its uppermost part with said second inlet.

9. In an eXhauster, a casing separated by a partition wall into tw generally cylin a drical compartments arranged side by side and connected by a central opening formed in the partition wall, a rotor in one com-i Add ripheral wall of the compartment, said casing being provided with a tangentially disposed outlet communicating with said passage, partitioning means partially encompassing said central opening and aifording a curved inlet duct into which gas laden with solids may be drawn and in which the solids are adapted to be separated from the gas by centrifugal force, said partition wall being provided with an opening leading to said passage, and a deflector extending from a point adjacent the end 01" said duct to the last-named opening for deflecting the separated solids laterally into said last-named opening.

10. An exhauster comprising a rotor, a casing inclosing the rotor and providing an arcuate passage betweenit and the rotor, said casing being provided with an outlet com- Inunicating with said passage and extending substantially tangential relative thereto and an inlet opening into said passage, said casing being also provided with a second inlet opening into the path of the rotor and a duct into which gases laden with solids are adapted to be introduced, said duct being curved throughout a portion of its length about the axis of the rotor whereby the solids and gases are adapted to. be separated by centrifugal force, said duct being in communication with both of said inlets to deliver the separated solids to said first inlet and the ases to said second inlet.

rEORGE W. OHRISTOPH. 

